Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the
statement or answers the question.
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1.
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After DNA replication, the two DNA molecules that are made _____.
a. | are complementary | c. | must replicate again | b. | are identical | d. | cannot replicate
again |
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2.
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A DNA molecule resembles a twisted adder with _____.
a. | sides composed of sugar phosphate chains | c. | "rungs" held together by
hydrogen bonds | b. | "rungs" composed of nitrogen bases | d. | all of these |
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3.
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When the DNA molecule replicates these bases pair _____.
a. | A with T, and G with U | c. | A with U, and G with C | b. | A with T, and G with
C | d. | A with G, and C with
T |
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4.
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When DNA replicates itself it carries _____.
a. | mRNA to each new molecule | c. | only instructions for making
tRNA | b. | exact copies of the original molecule | d. | instructions for this
test |
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5.
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Which of the following molecules carries the protein blueprint out of the
nucleus to a ribosome?
a. | mRNA | c. | rRNA | b. | tRNA | d. | all of these |
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6.
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DNA's function is to _____.
a. | make tRNA | c. | code for the production of protein | b. | produce energy for
the cell | d. | a and b
only |
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7.
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A change in the sequencing of a DNA molecule is called a(n) _____.
a. | replication | c. | mutation | b. | codon | d. | enzyme |
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8.
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RNA _____.
a. | is a double-stranded molecule | c. | contains ribose | b. | has the same four
nitrogen bases as DNA | d. | contains thymine |
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9.
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Watson and Crick described the DNA molecule as a _____.
a. | branching molecule | c. | single strand | b. | straight chain | d. | double strand |
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10.
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A nucleotide of DNA would include _____.
a. | uracil, deoxyribose and phosphate | c. | phosphate, deoxyribose and
thymine | b. | nitrogenous base, deoxyribose, and phosphate | d. | nitrogenous base, ribose, and
phosphate |
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11.
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To which organelles does messenger RNA attach?
a. | ribosome | c. | endoplasmic
reticulum | b. | nucleus | d. | Golgi body |
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12.
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The order in which specific amino acids bond together is initially determined by
_____.
a. | ribosomal NA | c. | base pairing | b. | transfer RNA | d. | DNA |
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13.
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As a result of his experiments with different strains of bacteria on mice,
Griffith theorized that _____.
a. | some factor was transferred from one strain to another | c. | bacterial strains are
unpredictable | b. | live harmless bacteria can cause pneumonia in mice | d. | heat-killed bacteria must kill live harmless
bacteria |
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14.
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Using two strains of pneumonia bacteria, Avery and his colleagues demonstrated
that the transforming factor in cells was _____.
a. | RNA | c. | RNA polymerase | b. | DNA | d. | phosphate
groups |
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15.
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Hershey and Chase found that when a virus attaches itself to a bacterium,
it _____.
a. | injects its protein coat into the bacterium | c. | injects DNA into the
bacterium | b. | prevents its protein coat and DNA core from entering the
bacterium | d. | injects its
protein coat and DNA into the bacterium |
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16.
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A molecule of transfer RNA does not_____.
a. | pick up amino acids | c. | remain in a ribosome | b. | contain an anticodon | d. | bind to messenger RNA
temporarily |
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17.
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In messenger RNA, each codon specifies a particular_____.
a. | nucleotide | c. | amino acid | b. | purine | d. | pyrimidine |
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Short Answer
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18.
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Compare replication and transcription.
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19.
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Several ribosomes can be bound together by a molecule of mRNA in a group called
a polysome. The different ribosomes are spaced at intervals along the same mRNA and read the entire
length of the molecule. Explain why polysomes speed up the process of protein synthesis.
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Essay
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20.
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What are the nucleotides for DNA and RNA? (full names not just letters)
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